Countries · Groups
BRICS
The BRICS group began with Brazil, Russia, India and China in 2009, added South Africa in 2010, and has since expanded to ten members and ten partner countries.
At a glance
BRICS members are home to 3.94bn people, about 5.0 times the population of the G7, but their combined GDP in US dollars is 60% of the G7's. China accounts for 62% of the members' GDP.
Membership follows the BRICS website. Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran and the UAE joined in 2024 and Indonesia in January 2025. Saudi Arabia was invited in 2023 and is listed as a member by the BRICS website and some summit reports, but has not publicly confirmed joining, so it is shown separately here. Russia's US Treasury holdings are negligible, and Ethiopia's and Iran's are not reported separately.
Members
Latest World Bank figures, 2025 unless shown.
| Country | Population | GDP | GDP per person | Growth | Current account, % of GDP | Reserves | Direct investment in | US Treasuries, Aug 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 212.8m | $2.28tn | $10,713 | +2.3% | −2.9% | $358.5bn | $77.7bn | $168.4bn |
| Russia | 143.5m | $2.56tn | $17,547 | +1.0% | +1.5% | $608.4bn (2024) | $11.1bn | under $0.1bn |
| India | 1.46bn | $3.96tn | $2,702 | +7.6% | −0.5% | $700.1bn | $40.8bn | $219.7bn |
| China | 1.41bn | $19.50tn | $13,862 | +5.0% | +3.8% | $3.75tn | $80.0bn | $590.7bn |
| South Africa | 64.8m | $427.2bn | $6,598 | +1.1% | −0.4% | $76.0bn | −$2.16bn | $10.7bn |
| Egypt | 118.4m | $365.3bn | $3,086 | +4.4% | −3.8% | $48.9bn | $15.4bn | — |
| Ethiopia | 135.5m | $126.4bn | $933 | +9.8% | −2.5% (2024) | $3.80bn (2024) | $3.80bn | — |
| Iran | 92.4m | $362.7bn | $3,924 | −2.8% | — | — | $1.65bn | — |
| United Arab Emirates | 11.5m | $552.3bn (2024) | $50,274 (2024) | +4.0% (2024) | +15.7% (2024) | $292.3bn | $48.2bn | $116.1bn |
| Indonesia | 285.7m | $1.45tn | $5,060 | +5.1% | −0.1% | $156.5bn | $22.7bn | $36.5bn |
Size and investment
GDP, 2025
$bn, current US dollars. UAE figure for 2024.
Direct investment in and out, 2025
$bn.
Partner countries
Countries with a formal partner status, which take part in some BRICS meetings without being full members.
| Country | Population | GDP | GDP per person | Growth | Current account, % of GDP | Reserves | Direct investment in | Direct investment out |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belarus | 9.1m | $93.4bn | $10,279 | +1.3% | −1.2% | $14.5bn | $1.65bn | $0.37bn |
| Bolivia | 12.6m | $64.8bn | $5,148 | −1.6% | −0.7% | $0.60bn | $0.53bn | $0.19bn |
| Cuba | 10.9m | $107.4bn (2020) | $9,605 (2020) | −1.1% (2024) | — | — | $0.08bn | — |
| Kazakhstan | 20.8m | $306.2bn | $14,692 | +6.5% | −4.1% | $66.1bn | −$0.92bn | $0.47bn |
| Malaysia | 36.0m | $472.2bn | $13,125 | +5.2% | +1.6% | $125.6bn | $21.6bn | $9.09bn |
| Nigeria | 237.5m | $290.8bn | $1,224 | +4.0% | +4.8% | $46.0bn | $4.01bn | $1.19bn |
| Thailand | 71.6m | $577.0bn | $8,057 | +2.4% | +3.0% | $282.3bn | $18.5bn | $9.58bn |
| Uganda | 51.4m | $62.0bn | $1,206 | +6.3% | −5.2% | $3.50bn (2024) | $3.36bn | $0.00bn |
| Uzbekistan | 37.0m | $147.0bn | $3,968 | +7.7% | −3.9% | $66.0bn | $4.47bn | $0.16bn |
| Vietnam | 101.6m | $514.7bn | $5,066 | +8.0% | +6.4% | $85.6bn | $22.0bn | $0.70bn |
Saudi Arabia: see the Saudi Arabia page. World Bank figures for Cuba are incomplete.
Holdings of US Treasuries
End of month, Aug 2025 to Aug 2026, $bn.
US Treasuries held by BRICS members
$bn, end of month.
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